Caring for Cooper City Essay Example for Free

Caring for Cooper City Essay There are many factors affecting the health of this community. I believe lack of health education and access to health care are the primary problems. The problems of pinworms and anemia are most preventable with hygiene education and nutritional education. The high premature births and neonatal death rate can be addressed with pre-natal education and care. The ability for the mothers and care givers to access these services may be impaired because of lack of access to health care related to transportation and economics. A cultural norm in many of Hispanic families is both parents work at minimum pay jobs with no benefits, while a family member takes care of several children. This care giver is often an older person (grand parent or aunt) and often does not understand or speak English or is an adolescent that is not able to drive. Because of the noted issues accessing health care during â€Å"business† hours are impaired. It is difficult for the person that may have access to transportation and one that speaks English to arrange a day off to take the child and/or pregnant woman to their doctor appointments Because a large population of the Hispanics go to the Catholic Church getting the local priest or a trusted community involved may help with accessing the population. Information about the clinic, health education classes, and setting up a clinic in the Catholic Church on the weekend may all be options to improving health care. Health education in the schools is another way to get the message to the public. A school health fair or school projects focused on prevention may be ways to help educate the parents. Education of adolescent about birth control, pre-natal care and support are other methods to improve the health of the community. . The planning group will need to have many members of the community. Having someone from the city council, the local priest and pastor, a representative from the high school, a medical representative such as the local md, or nurse practitioner a cultural community representative and representatives of the local business would be the best task force mix. Having the community leader’s access funds to provide free transportation to the health clinics or having a mobile health clinic to access the outlying population. Another option is to have a clinic at the major employer’s place of business. All of the suggested health options will need the support and commitment of the community. As a community health nurse you can support and encourage that commitment.

Wireless Speech Recognition -- Essays Papers

Wireless Speech Recognition Introduction In today's ever changing world, full of technology, there are many advances being made in the world of computing. This can be seen a great deal in the area of speech recognition. Machines, computers specifically, are interacting more and more with humans and these interactions can now be driven by human speech. For this technology to be used at its highest potential it will have to be affordable and accessible to all people in all types of machines. This technology will be seen from handheld computers and personal computers to lighting systems and refrigerators in your home(Deroult). This transformation is already occurring as speech recognition technology is making its way into our society in things such as cell phones, luxury cars, and computers. We will see more and more of this in our society until the technology has worked its way completely into our society and is common in many homes and offices. History of Speech Recognition The technology of speech recognition has come a long way and it is filled with many unsuccessful attempts at translating the human voice into something that a machine can understand, translate, and execute a command from accordingly. Many of society's views of speech recognition is a robotic, impersonal view, very similar to HAL in the movie 2001 : A Space Odyssey. We are now in the year 2001 and we are way past HAL in the field of speech recognition. The technology has come a long way from being able to detect only monotone, machine like language on an inconsistent basis. Today's technologies train the machine to learn how the user talks, and detect the speed of the user's speech, detect any accent the user may have, and other aspects that make each... ...rs that are not seen by humans. These computers will be everywhere and will fall into the backdrop of society. As they become more and more important and vital they will become less and less obtrusive and will make our lives easier thanks to speech recognition. Bibliography/Works Cited http://www.zdnet.co.uk/pcmag/supp/1998/speech/ Guide to Speech Recognition, PC Magazine. http://www.advisor.com/Articles.nsf/ID/OA000107.DERO01 The Future of Speech Recognition, Deroult, Anne-Marie. http://www.netbytel.com/literature/e-gram/technical3.htm History of Speech Recognition, NetByTel e-gram Bates, Regis J.. (2000). Voice and Data Communications Handbook. McGraw-Hill, New York, N.Y.. Hapgood, Fred. (2001) Speech interfaces are ready to listen. CIO Lamont, Ian (June 6, 2001) Speech recognition technology will hear you now Network World (June, 2001), pp34-40

General Motors Organizational Transition

General Motors Organizational Transition General Motors was founded by William Durant on September 16th, 1908. General Motors (GM) is an American based automobile manufacturing company. From its inception, GM has grown from a small Detroit, Michigan manufacturing plant to one of the top three auto manufacturers in America and the world’s second largest. GM has manufacturing plants in 35 countries and sells in over 200 countries. Throughout the years, recognizable brand names such as Oldsmobile, Opel, Cadillac, Pontiac and Chevrolet have become a part of GM. The company has branched out into the aviation and financial lending fields as well. Recent economic meltdowns have affected GM to point of bankruptcy in 2008. It took an American government bail-out in 2008 to save the company. GM then began an over-haul of its entire organization; including production, manufacturing, management structure and fiscal responsibility practices. The article, GM Organizational Change by Michelle Powers, published March 17, 2009, covers many points of the corporation’s transition from a traditional organizational model to a transformed organizational model. The article identifies how changing the organizational model impacted GM’s workforce, customer base and local communities that GM’s many arms of business were a part of, support systems that were put in place at GM to insure successful transition. Before the transition was put into effect, GM had a traditional hierarchical management structure and viewpoint. At the top of the structure was the president, who was answerable to only the board of directors, senior management and vice-presidents of varied departments were answerable to the president. On down the line there were division managers & supervisors and so on, then your average, regular employees. Having separate entities, such as Buick, Cadillac and other divisions operating differently from each other and the parent company was costly and ineffective in this â€Å"earth is flat† economic and communications era. GM North America President Mark Reuss, stated, â€Å"I could see clear as day that the mix and the structure of people just wasn’t right. These changes were necessary for GM to move faster and win. We need people who are change agents. After the economic troubles of the company, all aspects of how the company was run and directed were researched. Jack Smith GM’s CEO stated, â€Å"I had the opportunity to really structure the business in the way I thought is should be run. † GM has started to move their organization into what is called a transformed organizational model (TOM). A TOM does not have multiple departments, performing sepa rate tasks from others with different goals. It has taken several years to transform GM to an organization with a more centralized organization. The company set up The Automotive Strategy Board, a management committee to ensure that the CEO was informed and knowledgable of the company’s progress, trouble-spots, and over-all health. A monthly meeting is held with all the heads of all the regional departments even Global officials had to attend via phone. With this plan, all of the companies leaders were informed and were able to implement common goals and practices. The separate computer systems bogged down communications and often produced more mis-communication than not. A central software program was developed and implemented. All offices, administration staff, management, and employees were all trained on the new system world-wide. This level of development and training was costly. With the new level of stream-lined communications and universal usage, the system and training proved their worth. In the new Mishawaka, Indiana plant, GM has pioneered a teamwork concept called the Global Manufacturing System (GMS). Teams of workers have designed the jobs that are performed for each stage of the production process. The worker is supported first by his or her own â€Å"team†, a group of four or five workers assigned to perform specific tasks. The team is supported by a team leader. In turn, each group of four or five teams has the support of a group leader. In addition, each person is a member of a team assigned to perform specific tasks. Each team member is cross-trained for each other’s job. â€Å"Inherent in this process is everyone helps everyone. The whole focus, the entire focus, of GMS is to support the operator,† said AM General President and Chief Executive Officer, James Armour. So far, AM General has spent $35 million on more than 177,000 hours of training for employees. The plant(s) implementing the GMS model show more confidence in the workers. On the assembly line there are cords for each station in the event that a worker feels that there is a problem, he or she can stop the line at his or her discretion to correct the problem. The assembly lines are designed more ergonomically. Other plants use the straight-line assembly model where workers have to reach the line either by differing platform heights or outright reaching from the ground. The new plant has the assembly line rolling along for different heights for each portion of the production needed in that placement. Employees have more control over their life on the job. This has been leading to less management/labor disputes . The plant has a three-step grievance system and as of yet, no grievance has gone further than the first step. Not all plant employees who have been offered a transfer to the new GMS model have not been interested in a transfer. For some people the old way is working best for them. If this model continues to be successful, they might not have a choice about it for much longer. I believe that the changes GM has been implementing have improved the company overall. It seems that extensive research showed that getting the people of all levels throughout the company more involved with more aspects has had a positive impact. The use of teams has proved more effective than the solitary worker with a manager or supervisor to report to. Centralizing communications has put everyone on the â€Å"same page† for goal setting, problem solving, and share of information throughout the organization. The more information that is shared, the better for all concerned. The employees are more empowered with the chance to improve their production, implement their ideas, creativity and have more responsibility. The company has showed concern for the worker’s well-being, respect for their jobs and contributions to the company. That type of leadership gives the employees confidence in their leaders and their jobs. The entire over-haul of the company has predominately been concerned with OB. Corporate culture begins with OB. You cannot change a company for the better without taking into account the people who work at all levels for the company is not going to be effective on any level. GM has been recovering from its financial difficulties and these changes have had a major part in it. It has been showing consistent growth and profit for the last year. It has also been making it’s payments for the financial bail-out. I believe they are the only company who has done so. On top of that they have been running ads telling the people of America thank you and acknowledging their employees for their efforts at improving GM.

The Financial Condition And Economic Environment Of...

In this analysis we will investigate the financial condition and economic environment of Amazon.com, Inc., and the online retail goods industry, to assess and assign an appropriate weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for the firm. This analysis will examine each component of capital funding through the lens of multiple models, and consider the validity and sensitivity of each underlying lever. Lastly, this analysis will calculate a risk-appropriate cost of capital to be used in an enterprise firm valuation. Capital Structure Before we look into the costs of the firm’s capital funding, let us first consider the sources and structure under which Amazon operates. On a market value basis, Amazon’s current structure consists of 7.9% debt†¦show more content†¦Cost of Debt Financing As we look into the debt financing Amazon has opted to raise, it is important to separate the long-term bond issues from lease obligations as each requires special attention and in Amazon’s case, assignment of different required rates of return. For the long-term bond issues, we have elected to use a market pricing model – in yield-to-maturity (YTM) terms – as this represents the current market cost of raising debt capital at each given term to maturity. For the capital, financing and operating lease obligations, we chose to assign a risk appropriate market comparable rate. To do this, we took the various credit ratings assigned to Amazon, and applied a composite interest rate based on current market conditions. Using the ratings Baa1 from Moody’s, AA- from Standard and Poors, and BBB+ from Morningstar, we were able to assign composite estimate interest rates of 5.19%, 4.13% and 4.12% respectively. The Baa1 and BBB+ rates were retrieved from the St. Louis Federal Reserve database, while the AA- rating was an averaged rate using the AA (3.99%) and A (4.26%) ratings from Bondsonline.com to fully capture the AA- rating. When selecting the eventual rate to be used in our model, we opted to use the Moody’s rating and Baa1 and composite interest rate of 5.19% for several reasons. First, Amazon has been increasing its relative debt financing allocation

The Mystery of Miss Emily in A Rose For Emily by William...

William Faulkners short story â€Å"A Rose For Emily† opens the reader into the secluded, odd and depressing life of Miss Emily Grierson as seen through the eyes of people in the town and told through one of the townspeople. The mystery and curiosity from others are highlighted from the very beginning of the story when the the reader is introduced to the death of Miss Emily. From the very beginning sentences, a tone of darkness and curiosity can be felt in the short story. This tone helps to pique the interest of the reader on the reclusive life of the the main character and to enhance the story as it moves along to the climax. Miss Emily lives such a isolated life that very few are a part of. The events that happen and her actions in the†¦show more content†¦They had attempted before to satisfy their curiosity by asking those that worked for Miss Emily. This is seen when the narrator reveals that â€Å"...we had long since given up trying to get any information fro m the Negro† (Faulkner 36). This shows how the people would at one point try to pry to get information as to what was happening in regards to Miss Emily. The curious tone continues rather quietly through the story until it reaches the climax towards the end when they finally enter the home. Part V begins with â€Å"The negro met the first of the ladies at the front door and let them in, with their hushed, sibilant voices and their quick, curious glances, and then he disappeared† (Faulkner 37). This passage describing their want to view inside the home and find what they are looking for. The curious tone is not as largely there as other set tones in the story but it is an important counterpart for the other tones set in â€Å"A Rose for Emily†. The curiosity throughout the story helps to accentuate the gossipy or confessional tone that is felt throughout â€Å"A Rose for Emily†. The normal thing for most townspeople is to talk amongst themselves about what is going on around them and who it involves. In this town the talk seems to evolve around Miss Emily and the various things that they hear or see from her through theShow MoreRelatedA Tale of Terror 1087 Words   |  4 Pagesremember. William Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† a short story about the odd Emily Grierson, a once well-respected woman in a small southern town, takes readers into a whirlwind of a story leading up to a horrifying discovery about Miss Emily’s secretive demeanor. Through his characterization of Miss Emily, his descriptions of the setting, and his use of foreshadowing, Faulkner effectively develops â€Å"A Rose for Emily† into a horrific tale. The first way that Faulkner organizes â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is inRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1577 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A Sarah Markins Dr. Bibby ENG 107 February 11, 2015 â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, written by William Faulkner in 1931, follows a series of peculiar events in Miss Emily Griersons life. Written in third person limited, Faulkner utilizes flashbacks to tell of the period between the death of Emily’s father and her own passing. Split into five short sections, the story starts out with the townspeople of Jefferson remembering Emily’s legacy and how each new generation ofRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1729 Words   |  7 PagesJune 24, 2015 â€Å"A Rose for Emily† In every neighborhood there is always that one house that is a mystery to everyone. A house that everyone wants to know about, but nobody can seem to be able to dig up any answers. It’s the type of place that you would take any opportunity or excuse to get to explore. The littler that is known, the more the curiosity increases about this mysterious place or person. In the short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner, this mysterious person is Emily Grierson, andRead MoreEssay on â€Å"a Rose for Emily† Literary Analysis743 Words   |  3 PagesCameron Barba Ms. Carunchio English 11B 12 February 2009 â€Å"A Rose for Emily† Literary Analysis In â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, William Faulkner uses setting, character development, and stylistic devices to express the mystery of Emily and the somewhat gossip-obsessed attitude the townspeople have towards Emily. Faulkner uses the setting to convey the mystery surrounding Emily and her actions. For example, Faulkner writes â€Å" knocked at the door through which no visitor had passed since she ceased givingRead MoreSymbolism In Rose For Emily892 Words   |  4 Pagesextreme situations. William Faulkner achieved to describe that in the story â€Å"Rose for Emily† through the main character, Miss Emily Grierson who suffered from necrophilia. This story is enriched with full of symbolism, along with a deep-rooted issues and messages. Symbolism helps to gives readers to think about text and hidden themes that go along with the symbols. This gives reading a more rich and vivid experience. There are symbols lurking in every corner of this short story. William Faulkners useRead MoreWilliam Faulkner s A Rose For Emily951 Words   |  4 Pagesliterary Response to â€Å"A Rose for Emily† â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner was published in 1930. This short story is set in an old southern town. I believe that this and several other combinations of events are what made the main character Miss Emily go insane. Miss Emily was an old school southern woman trapped in a modernizing society. She tried desperately to keep to her old ways, but the changes that happened around her were inevitable. This made me feel like something was going to goRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner923 Words   |  4 PagesA Rose for Emily; A Tale of The Old South William Faulkner was born in New Albany, Mississippi in 1897 but lived most of his life in Oxford, a small town nearby. After dropping out of high school then briefly joining the Canadian Air Force, he returned home and completed three terms at the University of Mississippi (Fulton 27). During his early twenties Faulkner spent time in New Orleans and Europe before returning to Oxford and publishing his first book of poems. In 1929 he married Estelle FranklinRead MoreWilliam Faulkner s A Rose For Emily1144 Words   |  5 PagesIn â€Å"A Rose for Emily† William Faulkner presents very disturbing instances and events that lead up to a shocking ending. Throughout the story, the narrator gives just enough information about Miss Emily’s past and present that leaves suspense until the very end. Miss Emily’s hardships throughout her life lead up to a mental breakdown. The author combines various literary elements to produce a brilliant and compelling short story. In his short story, â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, William Faulkner makes goodRead MoreA Rose for Emily Discuss Characterization in a Short Story Given.1318 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment 1 Discuss characterization in a short story given. A Rose for Emily By William Faulkner Characterization refers to the techniques a writer uses to develop characters in the story. In the story ‘A Rose for Emily’, William Faulkner uses characterization to reveal the character of Miss Emily Grierson, the main role. Faulkner’s use of language foreshadows and builds up to the climax of the story. He expresses the content of her character through physical descriptions, throughRead MoreSummary Of A Rose For Emily 985 Words   |  4 PagesFatimah Alzauri ENGL 1010 Re 15 November 2015 Brief Analyzing for â€Å"A Rose for Emily† â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is a short horror, tragedy story which contains an interesting connection between its point of view and its plot, moreover, characters, and setting where the story takes a place, have a portion of making it a noteworthy story. William Faulkner, who wrote â€Å"A Rose for Emily† set it to present a picture of a lonely woman from Mississippi who expires to mental illness. The tragedy in this story is

Hard Times - The Theme of Education Essay - 2699 Words

Hard Times - The Theme of Education In this piece I intend to explain how Dickens is trying to represent education in the Victorian era and how he feels about the style of teaching that is widely used during his times. I also intend to make references to how the representation of Victorian schools by Dickens compares, historically to the actual conditions in a school from the Victorian era. As soon as the book begins we are introduced to a style of teaching that is dependent only on facts. One of the main characters of the novel is Thomas Gradgrind and he is the enforcer of this utilitarian style of education and is described as a man who is very strict. Dickens introduces us to this character with a description of his†¦show more content†¦The way he describes the personality and appearance of Gradgrind suggests traits and looks that most people would find undesirable. In Dickens’s caricature of Gradgrind he is representing a society in which emotions and personal feelings don’t matter and all that matters is work and production rate. Gradgrind champions this utilitarian style system, he seems to represent all that Dickens felt was evil because he thought that Gradgrind was a man who as long as he got what he wanted, it didn’t matter how he got it and also that society should strive for the greater good for the greater number. Thomas Gradgrind seems to represent the rigor of hard facts and statistics and also what his style of teaching does to a person and how they will be as an adult after being subjected to the education style which Gradgrind uses. â€Å"With a rule and a pair of scales, and the multiplication table always in his pocket, sir, ready to weigh and measure any parcel of human nature.† This extract shows what kind of an adult Gradgrind has turned out to be. He seems to be devoid of any needless emotions and is sCeptical of anything he is not sure about and is ready to deduce what it is using scientific reasoning and logic. The teaching style promoted by Gradgrind seems only to involveShow MoreRelatedHow does Charles Dickens treat the theme of education in his novel Hard Times?2388 Words   |  10 Pageslook at education today, we see more than just reading, writing and solving numerous calculations, sometimes providing more than one answer for a question. Your opinions and views actually count for something and are appreciated. We have so many resources, culture and trips bought into education; that children can actually look forward to coming to school, each teacher having various ways of teaching, each pupil having a different way of comprehending and learning. The novel Hard Times is setRead MoreMy Family And Education Is Important For Your Future1221 Words   |  5 Pagesalso contradicts the themes in my family’s narrative. The first theme in society that contradicts the values of my family is homosexuality. As mentioned above, religion is a large part of my family, therefore, homosexuality is not part of the catholic religion. With that being said my family has a strong opinion and belief about same sex relationships. The second theme compliments my family’s values and that is getting and education. In broader culture getting and education is important for yourRead MoreThemes of Stones Into Schools Essay1411 Words   |  6 PagesThemes from Stones into Schools The institution of education in many regions of Afghanistan and Pakistan is virtually nonexistent. Many girls don’t have access to schools (Stones into Schools p.4) and those that do usually don’t graduate from high school. While Greg Mortenson’s Stones into Schools and the documentary The Miseducation of Pakistan deal with two different areas, they both show many similar themes. 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The most known theme is â€Å"mi casaRead MoreThemes Of Hidden Figures Directed By Theodore Melfi995 Words   |  4 Pageshistorical / drama film, Hidden Figures directed by Theodore Melfi explores the themes of racism and sexism in America during the 1960’s. These themes expresses Theodore Melfi’s intention of this film is displaying that sexism and racism is hard to abolish. Melfi uses visual and verbal features of dialogue, costume and symbolism to contribute to the director’s intention. A verbal feature Melfi uses to show the themes of sexism and racism is dialogue. This use of this verbal feature helps establishRead MoreComparing The Song I Got Rhythm By George And Ira Gerhwin1092 Words   |  5 PagesIn addition the essay will focus on the love and education in values in Australia. The language of INSERT song A and song B have a number of similarities and key differences that provide an insight into their respective time periods. 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The Challenge Of Defining Media And Technology In Teaching Free Essays

string(45) " whole construct of societal acknowledgment\." Media has many definitions runing from â€Å" a peculiar signifier of communicating † as in â€Å" print versus picture † to â€Å" the industry that provides intelligence and amusement † as in â€Å" the media. † For the intents of this Literature Review media is defined as â€Å" all agencies of communicating, whatever its format † ( Reid, 1994, p. 51 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on The Challenge Of Defining Media And Technology In Teaching or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this sense, media include symbol systems every bit diverse as print, artworks, life, sound, and gesture images. Similarly, engineering has many definitions runing from â€Å" the application of the scientific method to work out jobs as in ‘the engineering of infinite geographic expedition ‘ † to â€Å" the things or procedures which embody cognition or trade within a civilization as in ‘the engineering of composing ‘ . † Within this study, engineering is defined as â€Å" any object or procedure of human beginning that can be used to convey media. † In this sense, engineering includes phenomena every bit diverse as books, movies, telecasting, and the Internet. With regard to instruction, media are the symbol systems that instructors and pupils use to stand for cognition ; engineerings are the tools that allow them to portion their cognition representations with others. The confounding of media ( a symbol system ) with engineering ( a bringing system for media ) is improbable to travel off in popular discourse about instruction any clip shortly, but the differentiation between media and engineering must be clarified every bit unequivocally as possible if their impact is to be understood. The undermentioned quotation mark from the Sixth Edition of the Encyclopedia of Educational Research ( Alkin, 1992 ) clarifies this differentiation: Computer-based engineerings can non be regarded as â€Å" media, † because the assortment of plans, tools, and devices that can be used with them is neither limited to a peculiar symbol system, nor to a peculiar category of activities†¦ †¦ In this visible radiation, â€Å" the computing machine † is in fact a â€Å" many-sided innovation † of many utilizations, a symbolic tool for doing, researching, and believing in assorted spheres. It is used to stand for and pull strings symbol systems – linguistic communication, mathematics, music – and to make symbolic merchandises – verse forms, mathematical cogent evidence, composings. ( Salomon, 1992, p. 892 ) Salomon ‘s ( 1992 ) of import differentiations between media as symbol systems and engineerings as tools or vehicles for sharing media will be used throughout this paper Research shows that pupils learn more when they are able to interact with their instructors and their schoolmates and schoolroom engineering as stated by AACC Cerkovnik would assist to better the talks. Online tutorials, picture based categories. Smart classrooms cost between $ 19,000- $ 25,000. Training and aid would be needed to guarantee that this is a success though. Community College Journal Oct/Nov 2008 Before undertaking undertakings, pedagogues should 1 ) feel comfy utilizing engineering to learn, 2 ) understand the significance of civilization and the most effectual and appropriate ways to analyze it, and 3 ) employ didactically sound schemes for steering pupils in project-based acquisition experiences and easing coaction with instructors and pupils in international schoolrooms done through the whole procedure of making an on-line coaction. On-line instruction can ease, instructors can brainstorm collaborate portion success narratives and job solve and exchange thoughts and engage in Teacher Mentoring. Teacher mentoring is realized through the development of a personal relationship between new instructors and other professionals to add value to instruction. In our Caribbean Society we may happen that this is non frequently possible so instructors normally have to come up with originative solutions toward learning pupils and promoting larning while besides taking on the other duties that go along with the learning profession. The traditional schoolroom is expected to include a Television, DVD, a camera and a projector. A touch screen interfaces that individuals could utilize a touch screen so that they are able synergistic show of information and synergistic whiteboards to utilize in the schools. Even traveling online can increase a individual ‘s use of synergistic online larning environment. Maddux ( 1998 ) says that the ground that engineering has been unsuccessful in the schoolroom is that a ) it is caused by a deficiency of fund B ) those changed by attitudinal alterations. Research shows that pupils learn more when they are able to interact with their instructors and their schoolmates and schoolroom engineering as stated by AACC Cerkovnik would assist to better the talks. Online tutorials, picture based categories. Smart classrooms cost between $ 19,000- $ 25,000. Training and aid would be needed to guarantee that this is a success though. Community College Journal Oct/Nov 2008 MANAGING Student Academic Work can besides help in the controlling of inappropriate behavior. Most inappropriate behaviour in schoolrooms that is non earnestly riotous and can be managed by comparatively simple processs that prevent escalation. Effective schoolroom directors pattern accomplishments that minimize misbehavior and the pattern and usage of engineering in the schoolroom can do this a world. When pupils ‘ attending are engaged it makes it less likely for them to desire to be involved in other unproductive activities. It now makes it easier for the instructor to airt the pupil to what the remainder of the category should be making ( This could besides hold the consequence of being a distraction from the usual chalk/whiteboard and speak methods that are traditional in the execution of learning in the schoolroom ) – More serious, riotous behaviours such as combat, uninterrupted break of lessons, ownership of drugs and stealing require direct action harmonizing to school board regulation. Basic rules of schoolroom clip direction allows us to acknowledge that allowing pupils take over lets them take the enterprise to be antiphonal to the schoolroom moral force in group activities The instructor nevertheless must ever be the usher assisting the pupils to work through whatever jobs that that your estimation is low. In schoolrooms, the most prevailing positive effects are intrinsic pupil satisfaction ensuing from success, achievement, good classs, societal blessing and acknowledgment. This is why societal networking sites such as MySpace, Facebook and Twitter are every bit of import as they contribute widely to the whole construct of societal acknowledgment. You read "The Challenge Of Defining Media And Technology In Teaching" in category "Essay examples" While congratulations used efficaciously can increase a pupil ‘s assurance and therefore their public presentation it must be expressed in a genuineness, and must be hone in on a specific quality of a kid. Technology helps the kid to detect the quality that they may hold determined to be missing Technology in our busy mundane lives help us to salvage clip. Can you conceive of a life without microwaves and autos. One in which we have to walk mundane to travel to our assorted finishs? This may look merely the impossible. While many may look to be against the usage of telecasting and the computing machine as primary agencies to replacing learning in the schoolroom this may non ever be a negative. The following shows us some grounds: Dorr ( 1992 ) indicates that most kids in the USA position less than 30 proceedingss of telecasting a hebdomad in school whereas their place telecastings are on about seven hours per twenty-four hours! Why is n’t telecasting used more widely in instruction? The instructor plays the major function in make up one’s minding what happens in the schoolroom, and every bit long as instructors experience trouble in previewing picture, obtaining equipment, integrating plans into the course of study, and associating telecasting programming to assessment activities, telecasting screening will go on to be comparatively rare in schoolrooms. It besides seems likely that the widespread public belief that telecasting has damaging effects on development, acquisition, and behaviour will go on to restrict telecasting integrating within most schoolrooms beyond that of a comparatively modest auxiliary function. aˆ? There is no conclusive grounds that telecasting stultifies the head. aˆ? There is no consistent grounds that telecasting additions either hyperactivity or passiveness in kids. aˆ? There is deficient grounds that telecasting sing displaces academic activities such as reading or prep and thereby has a negative impact on school accomplishment. The relationship between the sum of clip spent sing telecasting and achievement trial tonss is curvilineal with achievement lifting with 1-2 hours of telecasting per twenty-four hours, but falling with longer sing periods. aˆ? The research grounds indicates that sing force on telecasting is reasonably correlated with aggression in kids and striplings. aˆ? Most surveies show that there are no important differences in effectivity between unrecorded instructor presentations and pictures of instructor presentations. aˆ? Television is non widely in schoolrooms because instructors experience trouble in previewing picture, obtaining equipment, integrating plans into the course of study, and associating telecasting programming to assessment activities. The findings refering the impact of computer-based direction ( CBI ) in instruction can be summed up as: aˆ? Computers as coachs have positive effects on larning as measured by standardised accomplishment trials, are more motivative for pupils, are accepted by more instructors than other engineerings, and are widely supported by decision makers, parents, politicians, and the populace in general. aˆ? Students are able to finish a given set of educational aims in less clip with CBI than needed in more traditional attacks. aˆ? Limited research and rating surveies indicate that incorporate larning systems ( ILS ) are effectual signifiers of CBI which are rather likely to play an even larger function in schoolrooms in the foreseeable hereafter. aˆ? Intelligent tutoring system have non had important impact on mainstream instruction because of proficient troubles built-in in constructing pupil theoretical accounts and easing human-like communications. Overall, the differences that have been found between media and engineering as coachs and human instructors have been modest and inconsistent. It appears that the larger value of media and engineering as coachs remainders in their capacity to actuate pupils, addition equity of entree, and cut down the clip needed to carry through a given set of aims. Learning â€Å" With † Media and Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer-based cognitive tools have been deliberately adapted or developed to work as rational spouses to enable and ease critical thought and higher order larning. Examples of cognitive tools include: databases, spreadsheets, semantic webs, adept systems, communications package such as teleconferencing plans, online collaborative cognition building environments, multimedia/hypermedia building package, and computing machine scheduling linguistic communications. In the cognitive tools attack, media and engineering are given straight to scholars to utilize for stand foring and showing what they know. Learners themselves function as interior decorators utilizing media and engineering as tools for analysing the universe, accessing and construing information, forming their personal cognition, and stand foring what they know to others The foundations for utilizing package as cognitive tools in instruction are: aˆ? Cognitive tools empower scholars to plan their ain representations of cognition instead than absorbing representations preconceived by others. aˆ? Cognitive tools can be used to back up the deep reflective thought that is necessary for meaningful acquisition. aˆ? Cognitive tools enable aware, disputing larning instead than the effortless acquisition promised but seldom realized by other instructional inventions. aˆ? Ideally, undertakings or jobs for the application of cognitive tools will be situated in realistic contexts with consequences that are personally meaningful for scholars. aˆ? Using multimedia building plans as cognitive tools engages many accomplishments in scholars such as: undertaking direction accomplishments, research accomplishments, organisation and representation accomplishments, presentation accomplishments, and contemplation accomplishments. â€Å" Learning From † and â€Å" Learning With † Media and Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . There are two major attacks to utilizing media and engineering in schools: pupils can larn â€Å" from † media and engineering, and they can larn â€Å" with † media and engineering ( Jonassen A ; Reeves, 1996 ) . Learning â€Å" from † media and engineering is frequently referred to in footings such as instructional telecasting, computer-based direction, or incorporate larning systems ( Hannafin, Hannafin, Hooper, Rieber, A ; Kini, 1996 ; Seels, Berry, Fullerton, A ; Horn, 1996 ) . Learning â€Å" with † engineering, less widespread than the â€Å" from † attack, is referred to in footings such as cognitive tools ( Jonassen A ; Reeves, 1996 ) and constructivist acquisition environments ( Wilson, 1996 ) . Regardless of the attack, media and engineering have been introduced into schools because it is believed that they can hold positive effects on instruction and acquisition. The intent of this study is to sum up the grounds for the effectivity and impact of media and engineering in schools around the universe. ( A restriction of this study is that the huge bulk of the published research on the effectivity of media and engineering in schools was conducted in English-speaking states such as Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. ) Research surveies refering the impact of these different attacks will be presented in the following two subdivisions of this study. But first, it is necessary to clear up what is meant by the footings â€Å" media † and â€Å" engineering † within the context of instruction. regarded as incorrect ; medium is preferred. ( Berube, 1993, p. 846 ) The Importance of Media and Technology in Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . One ground for the attending being paid to media and engineering in instruction reflects commercial or corporate involvements. Although printed stuff continues to be â€Å" the dominant medium format † in schools ( Molenda, Russell, A ; Smaldino, 1998, p. 3 ) , a recent Presidential study in the USA recommends that â€Å" at least five per centum of all public K-12 educational disbursement in the United States ( or about $ 13 billion yearly in changeless 1996 dollars ) should be earmarked for technology-related outgos†¦ . † Still another ground for the focal point on media and instruction stems from crisp dissensions about the value of media and engineering in instruction. Enthusiastic indorsements of new media and engineerings in instruction are easy to happen in intelligence studies, political addresss, and other beginnings. Many of these announcements seem overly-optimistic if non inflated. See this quotation mark from Lewis Perelman ‘s 1993 book titled School ‘s Out: Because of the permeant and powerful impact of HL ( hyperlearning ) engineering, we now are sing the disruptive coming of an economic and societal transmutation more profound than the industrial revolution. The same engineering that is transforming work offers new larning systems to work out the jobs it creates. In the aftermath of the HL revolution, the engineering called â€Å" school † and the societal establishment normally thought of as â€Å" instruction † will be as disused and finally nonextant as the dinosaurs. ( p. 50 ) A typical illustration of this comes from the present Government of Trinidad and Tobago ‘d want to give free laptops to SEA pupils in the center of September 2010. However, despite such rhetoric and other, more conservative, optimism expressed in the popular imperativeness and authorities paperss, there are besides many sceptics and a few vocal critics of media and engineering in instruction. A recent screen narrative of The Atlantic Monthly entitled â€Å" The Computer Delusion † illustrates a critical position of engineering in instruction, get downing with this opening sentence: There is no good grounds that most utilizations of computing machines significantly better instruction and acquisition, yet school territories are cutting plans – music, art, physical instruction – that enrich kids ‘s lives to do room for this doubtful panacea, and the Clinton Administration has embraced the end of â€Å" computing machines in every schoolroom † with credulous and dearly-won enthusiasm. ( Oppenheimer, 1997, p. 45 ) . One would believe that the plans such as the Arts and the music will be what the pupils will most likely want to acquire involved with as these countries are more synergistic. Another popular belief is that telecasting screening is damaging to the academic accomplishment of school-age kids and teens. While some surveies have reported a negative correlativity between the sum of telecasting screening and scholastic public presentation, such statistics are susceptible to misunderstandings because of step ining variables such as intelligence and socioeconomic position ( Seels et al. , 1996 ) .Undoubtedly, the most widespread belief about telecasting is that it fosters force and aggressive behaviours among kids and striplings ( Winn, Research Consequences The most positive research intelligence about larning â€Å" from † telecasting can be found in the schoolroom where 40 old ages of research show positive effects on larning from telecasting plans that are explicitly produced and used for instructional intents ( Dorr, 1992 ; Seels et al. , 1996 ) . In add-on, most surveies show that there are no important differences in effectivity between unrecorded instructor presentations and pictures of instructor presentations ( Seels et al. , 1996 ) . More significantly, there is strong grounds that telecasting is used most efficaciously when it is deliberately designed for instruction and when instructors are involved in its choice, use, and integrating into the course of study ( Johnson, 1987 ) . Historically, surveies of the large-scale executions of instructional telecasting have shown assorted Future Needs Unfortunately, there is a dearth of developmental research focused on how instructors might outdo usage telecasting in the schoolroom to heighten academic accomplishment. We know that motive is an of import factor in deriving the most from any educational experience, but we do n’t cognize how instructors can efficaciously actuate pupils to go to to educational telecasting. We know that feedback refering the message received ( or non received ) from telecasting is of import, but we lack clear waies as to when and how instructors should supply that feedback. And even when recommendations for utilizing telecasting in the schoolroom do be ( Stone, 1997 ) , there is small grounds that these guidelines are built-in parts of the course of study in most teacher readying plans ( Waxman A ; Bright, 1993 ) . Learning â€Å" from † Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The earliest signifiers of computer-based direction were to a great extent influenced by the behavioural psychological science of B.F. Skinner ( 1968 ) . These plans were basically automated signifiers of programmed direction. They presented information to the pupil in little sections, required the pupil to do open responses to the information as stimulation, and provided feedback to the pupil along withdifferential ramification to other sections of direction or to drill-and-practice modus operandis. Although this basic behavioural theoretical account continues to rule mainstream educational applications of computing machines such as incorporate larning systems ( Bailey, 1992 ) , interactivity in some of today ‘s most advanced applications, such as constructivist larning environments ( Wilson, 1996 ) , is based upon progresss in cognitive psychological science and constructivist teaching method ( Coley et al. , 1997 ) ( see Section Three of this study ) . Research Consequences The good intelligence is that even with a chiefly behavioural teaching method, computing machines as coachs have positive effects on larning as measured by standardised accomplishment trials, are more motivative for pupils, are accepted by more instructors than other engineerings, and are widely supported by decision makers, parents, politicians, and the populace in general ( Coley et al. , 1997 ; President ‘s Committee of Advisors on Science and Technology, 1997 ) . Integrated Learning Systems Integrated larning systems ( ILS ) utilize computing machine webs to unite comprehensive educational â€Å" courseware † with centralised direction tools.. In a particular issue of Education Technology magazine devoted to ILS, Bailey ( 1992 ) asked two primary inquiries: â€Å" Why do they ( ILS ) continue to rule the school engineering market? Are they every bit effectual as the sellers claim? † ( p. 3 ) . Why are ILS so popular among pedagogues, at least those with the power to do buying determinations? Bailey ( 1993 ) and Becker ( 1992b ) depict some of the sensed advantages of incorporate larning systems that help to explicate why ILS dominate the school engineering market, Networking allows centralized direction by instructors and decision makers. The Effects of Learning with and of Technology Salomon, Perkins, and Globerson ( 1991 ) make an of import differentiation between the effects of larning with and of engineering: First, we distinguish between two sorts of cognitive effects: Effectss with engineering obtained during rational partnership with it, and the effects of it in footings of the movable cognitive residue that this partnership leaves behind in the signifier of better command of accomplishments and schemes. ( p. 2 ) Easy Learning? Cognitive tools are learner-controlled, non teacher-controlled or technology-driven. For illustration, when pupils build databases, they are besides building their ain conceptualisation of the organisation of a sphere of cognition. Cognitive tools are non designed to cut down information processing, that is, do a undertaking easier, ( Perkins, 1993 ) . The nature and beginning of the undertaking or job is paramount in applications of cognitive tools. Past failures of â€Å" tool † attacks to utilizing computing machines in instruction can be attributed mostly to the delegating of the tools to traditional academic undertakings set by instructors or the course of study. Cognitive tools are intended to be used by pupils to stand for cognition and work out jobs while prosecuting probes that are relevant to their ain lives. These probes are ideally situated within a constructivist larning environment ( Duffy, Lowyck, A ; Jonassen, 1993 ) . Cognitive tools wo n’t be effectual when used to back up teacher-controlled undertakings entirely. Multimedia as a Cognitive Tool Another facet that we would look at is the usage of of multimedia building package Programs. Multimedia is the integrating of more than one medium into some signifier of communicating or experience delivered via a computing machine. Most frequently, multimedia refers to the integrating of media such as text, sound, artworks, life, picture, imagination, and spacial mold into a computing machine system ( von Wodtke, 1993 ) . Using comparatively cheap desktop computing machines, users are now able to capture sounds and picture, manipulate sound and images to accomplish particular effects, synthesise sound and picture, create sophisticated artworks including life, and incorporate them all into a individual multimedia presentation Multimedia presentations are prosecuting because they are multimodal. In other words, multimedia can excite more than one sense at a clip, and in making so, may be more eye-catching and attention-holding.In the cognitive tools attack, multimedia is non a signifier of direction to larn from, but instead a tool for building and larning with. Learners may make their ain multimedia cognition representations that reflect their ain positions on or understanding of thoughts. Or scholars may join forces with other scholars to develop a schoolroom or school multimedia cognition base. Research Consequences Ideally, undertakings or jobs for the application of multimedia building package as a cognitive tool should be situated in realistic contexts with consequences that are personally meaningful for scholars. Beichner ( 1994 ) studies on a undertaking where these conditions were met in a alone manner. The topics in this Carver, Lehrer, Connell, and Ericksen ( 1992 ) list some of the major thought accomplishments that scholars learn and use as multimedia interior decorators: Project Management Skills aˆ? Making a timeline for the completion of the undertaking. aˆ? Allocating resources and clip to different parts of the undertaking. aˆ? Delegating functions to team members. Research Skills aˆ? Determining the nature of the job and how research should be organized. aˆ? Presenting thoughtful inquiries about construction, theoretical accounts, instances, values, and functions. aˆ? Searching for information utilizing text, electronic, and pictural information beginnings. aˆ? Developing new information with interviews, questionnaires and other study methods. aˆ? Analyzing and construing all the information collected to place and construe forms. Organization and Representation Skills aˆ? Deciding how to section and sequence information to do it apprehensible. aˆ? Deciding how information will be represented ( text, images, films, sound, etc. ) . aˆ? Deciding how the information will be organized ( hierarchy, sequence ) and how it will be linked. Presentation Skills aˆ? Maping the design onto the presentation and implementing the thoughts in multimedia. aˆ? Attracting and keeping the involvements of the intended audiences. Contemplation Skills aˆ? Measuring the plan and the procedure used to make it. aˆ? Revising the design of the plan utilizing feedback. something â€Å" from † these communications. The instructional procedures built-in in the â€Å" from † attack to utilizing media and engineering in schools can be reduced to a series of simple stairss: 1 ) exposing pupils to messages encoded in media and delivered by engineering, 2 ) presuming that pupils perceive and encode these messages, 3 ) necessitating a response to bespeak that messages have been received, and 4 ) supplying feedback as to the adequateness of the response. Television and the computing machine are the two primary engineerings used in the â€Å" from † attack. The findings refering the impact of telecasting in instruction can be summed up as: aˆ? There is no conclusive grounds that telecasting stultifies the head. aˆ? There is no consistent grounds that telecasting additions either hyperactivity or passiveness in kids. aˆ? There is deficient grounds that telecasting sing displaces academic activities such as reading or prep and thereby has a negative impact on school accomplishment. The relationship between the sum of clip spent sing telecasting and achievement trial tonss is curvilineal with achievement lifting with 1-2 hours of telecasting per twenty-four hours, but falling with longer sing periods. aˆ? The preponderance of the research grounds indicates that sing force on telecasting is reasonably correlative Journal of Research on Technology and Education Practical Learning A Vital Opportunity By Kate Shoesmith, Senior Manager for Policy A ; Practice, City A ; Guilds Centre for Skills Development Embracing Technology in the Secondary School Curriculum: The Status in Two Eastern Secondary Schools. Karleen A Mason The Journal of Negro Education ; Winter 2007 ; Vol 76, No. 1 ; Academic Research Library pg. 5 The Impact of Media and Technology in Schools A Research Report prepared for The Bertelsmann Foundation Thomas C. Reeves, Ph.D. The University of Georgia February 12, 1998 Global Projects and Digital Tools that Make pupils Global scholars by Sheila Offman Gersh CultureQuest undertakings can be viewed at hypertext transfer protocol: //culturequest.us/sample_projects.htm, hypertext transfer protocol: //culturequest.us/teacherprojects.html, and hypertext transfer protocol: //techshowcase.googlepages.com Teachers mentoring other instructors: What to make and what to avoid when offering teacher support by Christina Pomoni How to cite The Challenge Of Defining Media And Technology In Teaching, Essay examples